TRACECHAIN^™FORENSICS

FRAUD INTELLIGENCE · CASE FILES · GLOBAL SCOREBOARD

REPORT FRAUD Find your country and who to contact ▸🔍 Search cases, companies, countries, agencies

INTEL

PIG BUTCHERING: now the #1 loss category in the US by estimated volume / HUSHPUPPI: the Instagram that became the evidence -- Case 001 open / BEC: one spoofed email, one wire, seven figures -- see the methodology / ROSS ULBRICHT: full pardon January 21 2025 after 11+ years -- Case 013 open / ALL FIGURES LABELED: estimate vs conviction vs market collapse -- see Methodology / UNODC 2023: $5.4B estimated annually from SE Asia pig-butchering compounds [UNVERIFIED] / PIG BUTCHERING: now the #1 loss category in the US by estimated volume / HUSHPUPPI: the Instagram that became the evidence -- Case 001 open / BEC: one spoofed email, one wire, seven figures -- see the methodology / ROSS ULBRICHT: full pardon January 21 2025 after 11+ years -- Case 013 open / ALL FIGURES LABELED: estimate vs conviction vs market collapse -- see Methodology / UNODC 2023: $5.4B estimated annually from SE Asia pig-butchering compounds [UNVERIFIED]

Real fraud cases, how the scams work, and where to report them

FraudBook: 102 documented cases, 74 companies, 110 scams and 131 agencies, all sourced.

$74 billion gone.

Enron. Its chief executive was convicted on 19 counts.

FBI TEN MOST WANTED

She boarded a flight in 2017.

No one has seen her since. $5M reward.

$40 billion in five days.

He told investors the algorithm had fixed itself.

Wanted since 2014.

The botnet behind CryptoLocker. $3M reward. Never caught.

Four charged. None caught.

$6.75 billion in crypto stolen, blamed on North Korea.

127,271 bitcoin seized.

Alleged scam compounds in Cambodia.

Bernard Lawrence Madoff

$17B · 48 years. Nobody asked.

#5 · CORPORATE FRAUD

$11B · WorldCom hid ~$11B of costs to look profitable.

#6 · SECURITIES FRAUD

$10B · Hid $100B of exposure across ten banks; when it unwound they lost ~$10B.

$9B · A fake online lending platform took 59.8B yuan (~$9B) from ~900,000 Chinese savers, officially.

#8 · CRYPTO / EXCHANGE FRAUD

Samuel Bankman-Fried

$8B · The flagship crypto exchange fraud.

#9 · COOPERATION / FTX INNER CIRCLE

Caroline Ellison

$8B · Ran the fund that received the stolen money.

#10 · CD FRAUD / PONZI

$7.2B · 20,000 victims, 100 countries.

#11 · ROGUE TRADING

Jérôme Kerviel

$7.2B · Hid ~€50B of bets behind fake hedges.

$6B · A £4.6B Ponzi against 128,000 Chinese investors, turned into bitcoin and carried to London on a false passport.

#14 · DARK WEB

Stanislav Moiseyev

$5.2B · Ran Hydra, the Russian-language darknet giant that took in ~$5.2B in crypto.

#15 · CRYPTO LENDING

$4.7B · Sold Celsius as “safer than a bank”, then froze ~$4.7B of customers’ crypto.

#16 · SOVEREIGN FUND FRAUD

Taek Jho Low / 1MDB

$4.5B · The fund that funded The Wolf of Wall Street [alleged].

#17 · STOCK FRAUD

$4.4B · The Canadian miner that claimed the largest gold find on earth from salted drill cores.

#18 · CRYPTO / COMPLIANCE

$4.3B · He built the world’s largest crypto exchange without adequate AML controls.

#20 · CRYPTO FRAUD

Sebastian Greenwood

$4B · Ran the sales network for a cryptocurrency that never existed: $4B raised, $300M his.

#21 · PIG BUTCHERING

$4B · Ran Kokang and, per the Shenzhen court, its scam compounds: ¥29 billion in gambling and fraud funds, six deaths.

#22 · MONEY LAUNDERING

$4B · The Cambodian payments and escrow group FinCEN found laundered at least $4B for scam compounds and North Korean hackers.

#23 · MONEY LAUNDERING

Alexander Vinnik

$4B · Ran BTC-e, the exchange that laundered $4B+ of crime with no questions asked.

$3.6B · Owned Polaroid and Sun Country Airlines.

#25 · BANK FRAUD

$3.5B · A payday lender who collected $3.5B at rates up to 1,000% and rented tribal sovereignty to keep the states out.

#26 · DARK WEB / COMPUTER FRAUD

$3.4B · Stole 51,680 BTC from Silk Road in 2012.

#27 · CARD FRAUD

$3B · Ran the servers and encrypted channels for FIN7, whose card thefts caused over $3B of damage.

#28 · CORPORATE FRAUD

$2.3B · Hid ~$2.3B of family debt off Adelphia’s books.

#29 · STOCK & SECURITIES FRAUD

$2.3B · Hid unauthorised trades behind fake hedges until UBS lost $2.3B.

$1.9B · Accused of running HyperFund, a $1.89B crypto MLM that promised daily returns from mining that did not exist.

Johann Steynberg

$1.7B · 29,421 bitcoin taken on the promise of a trading bot that did not exist.

#32 · PIG BUTCHERING

$1.4B · Kokang’s other landlord: compounds under armed protection, ¥10 billion in fraud and gambling funds, 14 deaths, per the Wenzhou court.

#33 · ROGUE TRADING

$1.3B · One trader hid his losses in account 88888 and kept doubling down.

#34 · HEALTHCARE FRAUD

Philip Esformes

$1.3B · Paid kickbacks to fill his nursing homes: ~$1.3B in claims.

#35 · DARK WEB MARKETPLACE

$1.2B · Built the first modern darknet marketplace.

Scott Rothstein

$1.2B · Sold investors stakes in legal settlements that never existed: ~$1.2B raised.

#37 · DARK WEB

Alexandre Cazes

$1B · Built the largest darknet market ever; arrested in Bangkok and dead in a cell a week later.

#38 · MEDTECH FRAUD

Elizabeth Holmes

$945M · She built a company on a story.

$930M · A $930M Miami Ponzi sold on courtside seats and college football players.

Marcelo Odebrecht

$788M · Ran a company with a bribery department: ~$788M paid in 12 countries.

#41 · CRYPTO LAUNDERING

Anatoly Legkodymov

$700M · Ran a crypto exchange that asked no questions; $700M+ flowed to and from the Hydra darknet market.

#42 · CORPORATE FRAUD

$680M · Sold a hydrogen-truck story, including a truck video that was rolling downhill.

#43 · STOCK FRAUD

$600M · The Junk Bond King: indicted on 98 counts, pleaded to 6, paid ~$600M.

#44 · SECURITIES FRAUD

$584M · The ZZZZ Best boy wonder, jailed at 23, reinvented as a fraud investigator, then convicted twice more: for shorting Lennar with…

#45 · RANSOMWARE

Dmitry Khoroshev

$500M · Accused of building and running LockBit, which extorted at least $500M from 2,500+ victims.

#46 · CORPORATE FRAUD

$452M · Theranos’s president, convicted on all twelve counts, the patient counts included, and given twenty months more than Holmes.

#47 · HEALTHCARE FRAUD

$400M · Used rural hospitals to bill insurers ~$1.4B for lab tests they didn’t perform themselves.

$340M · A pyramid written as smart contracts and sold as beyond regulation: ~$340M in, 80% lost, per the indictment.

#49 · CARD FRAUD

Vladimir Drinkman

$300M · The crew’s intruder: broke into Heartland and others; 160M cards stolen crew-wide.

$300M · The man behind the Backstreet Boys and *NSYNC ran a two-decade Ponzi through an airline with no planes.

$300M · Faked hedge-fund returns for seven years, then faked his death on the Bear Mountain Bridge the day he was due in prison.

#52 · PIG BUTCHERING

$298M · Financed a border city built for scams and gambling; convicted in absentia in China in 2014, extradited there in 2025.

#53 · ADVANCE-FEE / BANK FRAUD

$242M · Posed as Nigeria’s central bank governor and sold a Brazilian bank $242M of an airport that was never going to be built.

#54 · CRYPTO / SOCIAL ENGINEERING

$230M · Age 20 at arrest. Largest known single-victim crypto heist.

#55 · CARD / BANK FRAUD

Albert Gonzalez

$200M · He hacked NASA at 14.

#56 · SECURITIES FRAUD

$200M · He defrauded 1,513 clients.

#57 · RANSOMWARE

Mikhail Matveev

$200M · Accused of ransomware attacks under three brands, including on the DC police; $200M demanded.

#58 · HEALTHCARE FRAUD

$187M · Paid kickbacks to get seniors tested for cancer genes they didn’t need: $463M billed.

#59 · CARD FRAUD

$169M · A Russian lawmaker’s son sold 2.9 million stolen US card numbers.

#60 · CORPORATE FRAUD

Dennis Kozlowski

$134M · Took pay and loans Tyco’s board never approved, then forged the approvals.

#61 · BEC / INVOICE FRAUD

Evaldas Rimašauskas

$122M · No hacking. He sent invoices.

#62 · BANK FRAUD

$112M · The oil trader whose company hid US$800M in losses and owed 23 banks US$3.85B.

Avraham Eisenberg

$110M · Took ~$110M from Mango Markets and called it legal.

#64 · DARK WEB

$105M · Ran a $105M darknet drug market, then robbed and extorted his own users on the way out.

#65 · BANK & WIRE FRAUD

Isaac Oduro Boateng

$100M · Accused of chairing a Ghana-based ring that took over $100M from Americans through romance scams and BEC.

#66 · RANSOMWARE

Maksim Yakubets

$100M · Accused of leading Evil Corp, whose bank malware took over $100M; sanctioned as an organisation.

#68 · INSIDER TRADING

$100M · The arbitrageur who paid for takeover news, settled with the SEC for $100M, then wore the wire against Michael Milken.

$81M · Charged with the Sony hack, the $81M Bangladesh Bank heist and WannaCry as a programmer for a North Korean front company.

#70 · PIG-BUTCHERING LAUNDERING

$74M · Moved at least $73.6M of US scam victims’ money to Cambodia’s scam centres.

#71 · CRYPTO LAUNDERING

$71M · Her husband hacked Bitfinex in 2016.

Ilya Lichtenstein

$71M · Hacked Bitfinex for 119,754 bitcoin in 2016, worth $71M then and $3.6B when seized.

Andean Medjedovic

$65M · The maths prodigy accused of $65M in DeFi exploits and of demanding a protocol as ransom.

#74 · INSIDER TRADING

$64M · Traded on insiders’ tips for years until the FBI wiretapped his phone.

#75 · BANK FRAUD

$53M · Built iSpoof, the site that let 59,000 users call victims as their own bank: £43M lost in Britain.

#76 · ADVANCE-FEE / BANK FRAUD

$49M · The widow of a ring leader who pleaded guilty first in the $242M Banco Noroeste fraud and gave up $48.5M in cash and property: …

#77 · MONEY LAUNDERING

Ghaleb Alaumary

$30M · The launderer who moved money for Hushpuppi and for a North Korean bank heist alike.

#78 · BANK & TAX FRAUD

$30M · Hid $30M+ of Ukrainian lobbying income from the IRS and lied on bank loans.

#79 · SIM SWAP

Nicholas Truglia

$24M · Hackers hijacked an investor’s phone number and drained ~$23.8M in crypto.

$23M · Washington’s best-connected lobbyist billed tribes for work not done, split the fees and bribed officials.

#81 · HISTORIC · THE ORIGINAL

$20M · He named it. Arrived with $2.50.

#82 · RANSOMWARE

Yaroslav Vasinskyi

$16M · The REvil affiliate behind the Kaseya attack on ~1,500 businesses; arrested in Poland, 13 years 7 months.

#83 · SIM SWAP

$13M · The first Scattered Spider member sentenced: SIM swaps and phished logins drained at least 59 victims.

$12M · A security engineer who hacked two Solana exchanges for $12.3M and searched how to launder the evidence.

#85 · SECURITIES FRAUD

$10M · Infamous for a 5,000% drug price; imprisoned for lying to hedge-fund investors and repaying them with Retrophin’s money.

#86 · CHECK FRAUD

$10M · A letter carrier who took more than $10M in cheques from the mail over four years and sold them to be cashed.

#87 · CHECK FRAUD

E.F. Hutton & Co.

$8M · The brokerage that ran on interest-free float at 400 banks for twenty months and pleaded guilty to 2,000 counts.

#88 · SIM SWAP

$8M · The first person sentenced for SIM-swap theft: about 40 victims, $7.5M+, one $5.2M call.

#89 · CHECK FRAUD

Treyvon Alexander

$7M · The buyer at the end of a mail-theft ring: 1,480 cheques, $7.4M in face value, what the US Attorney called the largest known th…

Trendon Shavers

$5M · The first bitcoin Ponzi prosecuted: 7% a week on a forum, ~764,000 BTC in, and the 2013 ruling that bitcoin is money.

#91 · RACKETEERING

$3M · NXIVM’s founder: a self-improvement pyramid whose money and loyalty flowed to one man.

#92 · LOTTERY FRAUD

$2M · The lottery’s own security chief rigged draws in five states and had his brother buy the tickets.

#93 · BEC / LAUNDERING

$2M · Dubai arrest 2020. The Instagram lifestyle became federal evidence.

#94 · SECURITIES FRAUD

Marcus Schrenker

$2M · An Indiana adviser who took $1.5M from clients, then radioed a false mayday and parachuted from his own plane.

#95 · ADVANCE-FEE / BANK FRAUD

$1M · A Lagos lawyer the EFCC has pursued for advance-fee fraud for more than twenty years without a conviction.

#96 · CHECK FRAUD / IMPOSTOR

$1,449 · The world’s most famous con man.

CORPORATE FRAUD

Ran Wirecard when €1.9B of its cash turned out probably not to exist.

Credited with the first ransomware: 20,000 floppy disks that locked files and demanded $189.

Leads the militia that holds the Shwe Kokko border strip; OFAC says it guards and leases land to scam compounds.

Charged with the financial campaign of the North Korean programme: $1.3B across three defendants, per the indictment.

Charged with ransomware on US hospitals whose ransoms funded intrusions into NASA and defence firms, for North Korean intelligence.

The first trader jailed over LIBOR: 14 years in 2015, five and a half served, and in July 2025 the Supreme Court quashed it all.

GO TO

102Cases 2Most wanted 22Posters 96Individuals 2Groups 74Companies 110Methods 77Countries 131Agencies 4Play

🏠 HOME 📁 CASES 🚨 WANTED 🎮 PLAY 🌍 WORLD